|
Reports
Cairo: February 2003
Introduction
Part one
Part two
Part three
Part
four
The Effect of the Emergency Law on the
Human Rights Situation
In Egypt: 1992-2002
Table One:
Renewal of
Emergency Law
|
Law Number |
Number |
Duration |
Official
Reason |
|
15 of 1923 |
1 |
September,
1939 – October 4, 1945 |
WWII |
|
15 of 1923 |
2 |
May 14,1948-
April 29, 1950 |
Palestinian
War |
|
15 of 1923 |
3 |
January 26,
1952 – June 2, 1956 |
Burning of
Cairo |
|
523 of 1954 |
4 |
November 1,
1956 – March 24, 1964 |
Tripartite
Assault |
|
162 of 1958 |
5 |
June 5, 1967 –
May 15, 1980 |
1967 War |
|
162 of 1958 |
6 |
October 6,
1981- Currently |
Assassination
of President Sadat |
Table
Two:
Cases
Transferred to Military Court Since 1992; Court Decisions
|
No. |
Organization |
No. of
Cases |
No. of
Accused |
No. of
Death Sentences |
No. of
those Imprisoned |
No. of
those found Innocent |
|
1 |
Al Jihad |
10 |
479 |
37 |
277 |
165 |
|
2 |
Al Jama'a
Islameyya |
17 |
404 |
51 |
267 |
86 |
|
3 |
Al Shawkeyoun |
1 |
32 |
4 |
21 |
7 |
|
4 |
Muslim
Brotherhood |
6 |
140 |
- |
95 |
45 |
Add to this number 9
more accused persons, all of whom were a part of the “Egyptian Museum”
case, and you have 2 sentenced to death, 6 imprisoned and 1
acquitted.
In addition, there is the “El Wa'ad
Organization” case, in which there were 94 accused persons.
Table Three:
Cases/Military
Decisions from 1992-2002
|
No. |
Case |
Date of
Ruling |
No. of
Accused |
No. of
Death Sentences |
No. of
those Imprisoned |
No. found
Innocent |
1992
|
1 |
Return from
Afghanistan 2/24/1992 |
12/1992 |
26 |
8, 5 of whom
escaped |
15, 2 of whom
escaped |
3 |
|
2 |
Al Jihad
2/23/1992 |
12/1992 |
22 |
- |
16 |
6 |
1993
|
3 |
Assassination,
Ofc Aly Khater |
02/1993 |
1 |
1 |
- |
- |
|
4 |
Tourism Pact
06/1993 |
04/1993 |
49 |
7 |
40 |
2 |
|
5 |
Minister of
Media 11/1993 |
05/1993 |
14 |
7, 1 of whom
escaped |
3 |
2, 3 lawsuits
denied |
|
6 |
Al Shawkeyoun
13/1993 |
08/1993 |
32 |
4, 1 of whom
ran away |
21 |
7 |
|
7 |
Zeinhom
19/1993 |
09/1993 |
8 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
|
8 |
Org. of Al19
20/1993 |
10/1993 |
19 |
2 |
13, 3 of whom
escaped |
4 |
|
9 |
Talaa'e' El
Fath(A) 18/1993 |
10/1993 |
55 |
8, 2 of whom
escaped |
33 |
14 |
|
10 |
Talaa'e' El
Fath (B) |
10/1993 |
47 |
- |
18 |
29 |
|
11 |
Talaa'e' El
Fath (C) 23/1993 |
10/1993 |
33 |
1 |
18 |
14 |
|
12 |
Talaa'e' El
Fath (D) 24/1993 |
10/1993 |
54 |
- |
17, 1 of whom
escaped |
37 |
1994
|
13 |
Sidy Brany
1/1994 |
02/1994 |
6 |
3 |
3 |
- |
|
14 |
Prime Minister
2/1994 |
02/1994 |
15 |
9 (3) |
5 |
1 |
|
15 |
Minister of
the Interior 10/1994 |
07/1994 |
17 |
5 |
10 |
2 |
|
16 |
El Mahmoudeya
19/1994 |
08/1994 |
11 |
2 (1) |
9 (3) |
- |
|
17 |
Hurgada
23/1993 |
12/1994 |
16 |
2 |
14 |
- |
1995
|
18 |
Naguib Mahfouz
24/1994 |
01/1995 |
16 |
2 |
11 |
3 |
|
19 |
Al Jihad
5/1995 |
05/1995 |
42 |
2 |
29 |
11 |
|
20 |
Muslim
Brotherhood 8/1995 |
11/1995 |
49 |
- |
34 (3-5 years) |
15 |
|
21 |
Muslim
Brotherhood 11/1995 |
11/1995 |
33 |
- |
20 (3-5 years) |
12, 1 of which
was unacceptable |
|
22 |
Muslim
Brotherhood 13/1995 |
11/1995 |
3 |
- |
3 |
- |
|
23 |
The Return
from Sudan 12/1995 |
11/1995 |
24 |
6 |
12 |
6 |
1996
|
24 |
The Middle
Party 5/1996 |
08/1996 |
13 |
- |
8 (3-5 years) |
5 |
|
25 |
Weapons
Smuggling from Sudan 24/1996 |
11/1996 |
10 |
- |
8 |
2 |
1997
|
26 |
Cinema Magda &
Marwa Helwan 28/1996 |
01/1997 |
19 |
4 |
13 |
2 |
|
27 |
Bank Bombing
56/1997 |
09/1997 |
98 |
4 |
70 |
23,1 of whom
died |
|
28 |
Khan El
Khalily 60/ 1997 |
10/1997 |
87 |
3 |
53 |
31 |
|
29 |
Egyptian
Museum 65/ 1997 |
10/1997 |
9 |
2 |
6 |
1 |
|
30 |
Doctor Accused
of Illegal Fundraising |
11/1997 |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
1998
|
31 |
Org. of Abou
Rawash 59/1998 |
02/1998 |
65 |
2 |
31 |
32 |
1999
|
32 |
Return from
Albania 6/1998 |
04/1999 |
107 |
9 |
78 |
20 |
2000
|
33 |
Professional
Syndicates 18/1999 |
11/2000 |
20 |
- |
15 |
5 |
2002
|
34 |
El Wa'ad
24/2001 |
09/2002 |
94 |
- |
51 |
43 |
|
35 |
Doctors' Org.
29/2001 |
07/2002 |
22 |
- |
16 (3-5 years) |
6 |
Table
Four:
Muslim
Brotherhood Cases Sent To Military Court
|
No. |
Case |
Date of
Ruling |
No. Accused |
No.
Imprisoned |
No. Found
Innocent |
Notes on
Imprisonment |
|
1 |
8/1995 R.E. |
23/11/1995 |
49 |
34 |
15 |
3-5 Years |
|
2 |
11/1995 R.E. |
23/11/1995 |
33 |
20 |
12 |
3-5 Years |
|
3 |
13/1995 R.E. |
30/11/1995 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
15 Years |
|
4 |
5/1996 R.E. |
14/8/1996 |
13 |
8 |
5 |
1-3 Years |
|
5 |
18/1999 R.E. |
9/11/2000 |
20 |
15 |
5 |
3-5 Years
|
|
6 |
29/2001 R.E. |
30/7/2002 |
22 |
16 |
6 |
3-5 Years |
Total:
140 95 44
Table
Five:
Death
Sentences Issued By Both the Criminal and Supreme State Security
Courts
|
No. |
Case |
No. of
Accused |
Name(s) |
Date |
Notes |
|
1 |
Assassination
of State Security Ofc. Ahmed Alaa in Fayoum |
1 |
Morsy Ramadan
Morsy |
25/5/1993 |
|
|
2 |
Assassination
of Farag Fouda |
2 |
Abdel Shafy
Ahmed Ramadan |
30/12/1993 |
13 were
accused, 8 proved innocent, 3 imprisoned, 1 dead |
|
3 |
Death of
Secret Agent in Esna |
3 |
Mohamed Saeed
Aly Ahmed;
Mohamed
Quenawy;
Montaser El
Amir Bahr |
19/4/1995 |
10 were
accused; 1 found innocent; 6 got life sentences |
|
4 |
Officer Killed
in Suez |
3 |
Mohamed Fawzy
Ibrahim;
Ahmed Abdel
Kader Bakry;
Gharib
Elshahat (a Fugitive) |
9/7/1995 |
18 Accused; 2
found innocent; 13 imprisnoed |
|
5 |
Aswan Org.
Killed 3 policemen |
3 |
Mohamed Abdel
Raouf Mohamed;
Ayman Kamal
Mohamed;
Nasser Mohamed
Abdel Kerim |
5/51996 |
29 accused; 7
found innocent; 19 imprisoned |
|
6 |
Quena Org.
Assassination of General Ghobara and Others |
2 |
Anwar Hamed
Abbas;
Ahmed Abdel
Wehab Khalil |
31/10/1996 |
23 accused, 5
of whom died during clashes with police; 19 imprisoned; 7 found
innocent. |
|
7 |
Assiut Org.
Assassination of General El Shimy and Others |
5 |
Mostafa Eissa;
Elnemery
Ramadan;
Adel Abdel
Ghany;
Abdel Hamid
Abo Akrab;
Monir Abdel
Hafez |
6/1/1997 |
32 accused; 5
imprisoned; 19 found innocent; and 1 died |
|
8 |
Tama Org.
Attack of Police Station |
2 |
Mohamed Fawzy
Abdel Azim;
Mahmoud
Mostafa Soliman |
1/12/1997 |
4 Accused; 2
sentenced to life imprisonment; 2 found innocent. |
|
9 |
Major
Assassinations |
3 |
Hassan Khalifa Osman;
Refaat Zidan (Fugitive);
Abdel Hamid Osman (Fugitive) |
1/12/1998 |
|
Table
Six:
Journalists Charged with Publishing Crimes Sent to State Security
Prosecutors
|
No. |
Org. |
No. of
Accused |
Name of
Journalist |
Date of
Transfer |
Type of
Charge |
Note |
|
1 |
El Shaab
News-paper |
4 |
Salah Badawy;
Aly Alkomash;
Adel Hussein;
Magdy Hussein |
7/10/1993 State Security |
Publishing
Articles Insulting President; Spreading Fanatical Ideas |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
2 |
El Arab N.P. |
1 |
Mahmoud El
Maraghy |
11/1993 |
Spreading
Fanatical Ideas (Publishing an Interview with Ayman El Zawahry) |
|
|
3 |
El Shaab N.P. |
1 |
Mostafa Bakry |
16/3/1994 |
Publishing
Articles on Police Force Against Protestors |
|
|
4 |
Speaker at El-Mraghy
Mosque |
1 |
Ahmed Abdel
Azim |
8/1994 |
Publishing a
Book Spreading Hatred of Jews |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
5 |
Al Ahrar N.P. |
1 |
Mostafa Bakry |
18/9/1994 |
Publishing
falsehoods; Sympathizing with Fanatics |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
6 |
El Ard
Maga-zine |
1 |
Hamed Yassin |
15/10/
1994 |
Publishing an
Article for Ahmed Nabil Elhelay Criticizing the National Dialogue
Conference |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
7 |
Sec-retary
General, Labour Party |
1 |
Adel Hussein |
25/12/
1994 |
Owning
Pamphlets Spreading Fanatical Ideas |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
8 |
Al Ahrar |
2 |
Hesham Ayad;
Mostafa Bakry |
24/5/1995 |
Insulting and
Criticizing the Minister of Scientific Research |
|
|
9 |
Al Wafd |
4 |
Gamal Badawy;
Saeed Abdel
Khalek;
Samy Aboul Ezz;
Amr Okasha |
15/1/1995 |
Insulting and
Criticizing Abdel Moneim Emara |
|
|
10 |
El Araby |
2 |
Mahmoud
Elmaraghy;
Adel Elhawary |
13/11/
1995 |
Insulting and
Criticizing Abdel Moneim Ramadan |
|
|
11 |
Rosal Yusuf |
3 |
Wael Elebrashy;
Adel Hamouda;
Mahmoud Eltohamy |
31/1/1995 |
Insulting
judges |
They were
released |
|
12 |
Rosal Yusuf |
1 |
Karam Gabr |
3/1995 |
Publishing
Falsehoods Regarding a Session of the People's Assembly
|
|
|
13 |
Al Ahaly |
2 |
Abdel Aal
Elbakoury;-Hamdy Gomaa |
4/8/1995 |
Publishing
News Meant to Disrupt Public Order and Security |
They were
released |
|
14 |
Journal-ist |
1 |
Hamdein Sebahy |
17/6/1997 |
Authoring
Ideas Contradicting the Ruling Class/Status Quo |
Pro-visional
detention |
|
15 |
El Wafd |
2 |
Abbas
Eltarabily; Mohamed Abdel Alim |
10/2/1999 |
Publishing
News Regarding A Strike |
Paid 500 LE
and was Released |
|
16 |
El Shaab |
1 |
Layla Abdel
Hamid |
16/2/1999 |
|
|
|
17 |
El Araby |
1 |
Galal Aref |
14/12/ 1999 |
Insulting a
Prosecutor |
|
|
18 |
El Wafd |
2 |
Gamal Shawky;
Abbas
Eltarabily |
7/2/1999 |
Spreading
Rumors |
|
|
19 |
El Naba' Al
Watany |
1 |
Mamdouh Mahran |
20/9/2000 |
Publishing
Poems |
|
|
20 |
- |
1 |
Salah Eldin
Abdel Mohsen |
27/1/2001 |
Novel of
Lighting Shakes |
|
|
21 |
El Mah-rousa
Centre |
1 |
Farid Zahran |
21/9/2001 |
Spreading
Agitating News |
|
|
22 |
- |
1 |
Ahmed Mohamed
Hegazy |
7/9/2002 |
Publishing
Poems |
|
Table
(7)
Peaceful Demonstrations Cancelled Between 1992-2002
|