Eohr
The Egyptian Organization for Human Rights
المنظمة المصرية لحقوق الإنسان
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Reports
Cairo: February 2003

 Introduction      Part one        Part two       Part three        Part four

The Effect of the Emergency Law on the Human Rights Situation

 In Egypt: 1992-2002

Table One:

Renewal of Emergency Law 

Law Number

Number

Duration

Official Reason

15 of 1923

1

September, 1939 – October 4, 1945

WWII

15 of 1923

2

May 14,1948- April 29, 1950

Palestinian War

15 of 1923

3

January 26, 1952 – June 2, 1956

Burning of Cairo

523 of 1954

4

November 1, 1956 – March 24, 1964

Tripartite Assault

162 of 1958

5

June 5, 1967 – May 15, 1980

1967 War

162 of 1958

6

October 6, 1981- Currently

Assassination of President Sadat

 Table Two:

 Cases Transferred to Military Court Since 1992; Court Decisions 

No.

Organization

No. of Cases

No. of Accused

No. of Death Sentences

No. of those Imprisoned

No. of those found Innocent

1

Al Jihad

10

479

37

277

165

2

Al Jama'a Islameyya

17

404

51

267

86

3

Al Shawkeyoun

1

32

4

21

7

4

Muslim Brotherhood

6

140

-

95

45

 Add to this number 9 more accused persons, all of whom were a part of the “Egyptian Museum” case, and you have 2 sentenced to death, 6 imprisoned and 1 acquitted.  

In addition, there is the “El Wa'ad Organization” case, in which there were 94 accused persons.

Table Three:

Cases/Military Decisions from 1992-2002

No.

Case

Date of Ruling

No. of Accused

No. of Death Sentences

No. of those Imprisoned

No. found Innocent

1992

1

Return from Afghanistan 2/24/1992

12/1992

26

8, 5 of whom escaped

15, 2 of whom escaped

3

2

Al Jihad 2/23/1992

12/1992

22

-

16

6

 1993

3

Assassination, Ofc Aly Khater

02/1993

1

1

-

-

4

Tourism Pact 06/1993

04/1993

49

7

40

2

5

Minister of Media 11/1993

05/1993

14

7, 1 of whom escaped

3

2, 3 lawsuits denied

6

Al Shawkeyoun 13/1993

08/1993

32

4, 1 of whom ran away

21

7

7

Zeinhom 19/1993

09/1993

8

2

4

2

8

Org. of Al19 20/1993

10/1993

19

2

13, 3 of whom escaped

4

9

Talaa'e' El Fath(A) 18/1993

10/1993

55

8, 2 of whom escaped

33

14

10

Talaa'e' El Fath (B)

10/1993

47

-

18

29

11

Talaa'e' El Fath (C) 23/1993

10/1993

33

1

18

14

12

Talaa'e' El Fath (D) 24/1993

10/1993

54

-

17, 1 of whom escaped

37

 1994

13

Sidy Brany 1/1994

02/1994

6

3

3

-

14

Prime Minister 2/1994

02/1994

15

9 (3)

5

1

15

Minister of the Interior 10/1994

07/1994

17

5

10

2

16

El Mahmoudeya 19/1994

08/1994

11

2 (1)

9 (3)

-

17

Hurgada 23/1993

12/1994

16

2

14

-

 1995

18

Naguib Mahfouz 24/1994

01/1995

16

2

11

3

19

Al Jihad  5/1995

05/1995

42

2

29

11

20

Muslim Brotherhood 8/1995

11/1995

49

-

34 (3-5 years)

15

21

Muslim Brotherhood 11/1995

11/1995

33

-

20 (3-5 years)

12, 1 of which was unacceptable

22

Muslim Brotherhood 13/1995

11/1995

3

-

3

-

23

The Return from Sudan 12/1995

11/1995

24

6

12

6

 1996

24

The Middle Party 5/1996

08/1996

13

-

8 (3-5 years)

5

25

Weapons Smuggling from Sudan 24/1996

11/1996

10

-

8

2

1997

26

Cinema Magda & Marwa Helwan 28/1996

01/1997

19

4

13

2

27

Bank Bombing 56/1997

09/1997

98

4

70

23,1 of whom died

28

Khan El Khalily 60/ 1997

10/1997

87

3

53

31

29

Egyptian Museum 65/ 1997

10/1997

9

2

6

1

30

Doctor Accused of Illegal Fundraising

11/1997

1

-

1

-

 1998

31

Org. of Abou Rawash 59/1998

02/1998

65

2

31

32

 1999

32

Return from Albania 6/1998

04/1999

107

9

78

20

 2000

33

Professional Syndicates 18/1999

11/2000

20

-

15

5

2002

34

El Wa'ad  24/2001

09/2002

94

-

51

43

35

Doctors' Org. 29/2001

07/2002

22

-

16 (3-5 years)

6

Table Four:

Muslim Brotherhood Cases Sent To Military Court 

No.

Case

Date of Ruling

No. Accused

No. Imprisoned

No. Found Innocent

Notes on Imprisonment

1

8/1995 R.E.

23/11/1995

49

34

15

3-5 Years

2

11/1995 R.E.

23/11/1995

33

20

12

3-5 Years

3

13/1995 R.E.

30/11/1995

3

2

1

15 Years

4

5/1996 R.E.

14/8/1996

13

8

5

1-3 Years

5

18/1999 R.E.

9/11/2000

20

15

5

3-5 Years

6

29/2001 R.E.

30/7/2002

22

16

6

3-5 Years

 Total:                                                             140                         95                           44

 Table Five:

Death Sentences Issued By Both the Criminal and Supreme State Security Courts 

No.

Case

No. of Accused

Name(s)

Date

Notes

1

Assassination of State Security Ofc. Ahmed Alaa in Fayoum

1

Morsy Ramadan Morsy

25/5/1993

 

2

Assassination of Farag Fouda

2

Abdel Shafy Ahmed Ramadan

30/12/1993

13 were accused, 8 proved innocent, 3 imprisoned, 1 dead

3

Death of Secret Agent in Esna

3

Mohamed Saeed Aly Ahmed;

Mohamed Quenawy;

Montaser El Amir Bahr

19/4/1995

10 were accused; 1 found innocent; 6 got life sentences

4

Officer Killed in Suez

3

Mohamed Fawzy Ibrahim;

Ahmed Abdel Kader Bakry;

Gharib Elshahat (a Fugitive)

9/7/1995

18 Accused; 2 found innocent; 13 imprisnoed

5

Aswan Org. Killed 3 policemen

3

Mohamed Abdel Raouf Mohamed;

Ayman Kamal Mohamed;

Nasser Mohamed Abdel Kerim

5/51996

29 accused; 7 found innocent; 19 imprisoned

6

Quena Org. Assassination of  General Ghobara and Others

2

Anwar Hamed Abbas;

Ahmed Abdel Wehab Khalil

31/10/1996

23 accused, 5 of whom died during clashes with police; 19 imprisoned; 7 found innocent.

7

Assiut Org. Assassination of  General El Shimy and Others

5

Mostafa Eissa;

Elnemery Ramadan;

Adel Abdel Ghany;

Abdel Hamid Abo Akrab;

Monir Abdel Hafez

6/1/1997

32 accused; 5 imprisoned; 19 found innocent; and 1 died

8

Tama Org. Attack of Police Station

2

Mohamed Fawzy Abdel Azim;

Mahmoud Mostafa Soliman

1/12/1997

4 Accused; 2 sentenced to life imprisonment; 2 found innocent.

9

Major Assassinations

3

Hassan Khalifa Osman;

Refaat Zidan (Fugitive);

Abdel Hamid Osman (Fugitive)

1/12/1998

 

 Table Six:

Journalists Charged with Publishing Crimes Sent to State Security Prosecutors 

No.

Org.

No. of Accused

Name of Journalist

Date of Transfer

Type of Charge

Note

1

El Shaab News-paper

4

Salah Badawy;

Aly Alkomash;

Adel Hussein;

Magdy Hussein

7/10/1993 State Security

Publishing Articles Insulting President; Spreading Fanatical Ideas

Pro-visional detention

2

El Arab N.P.

1

Mahmoud El Maraghy

11/1993

Spreading Fanatical Ideas (Publishing an Interview with Ayman El Zawahry)

 

3

El Shaab N.P.

1

Mostafa Bakry

16/3/1994

Publishing Articles on Police Force Against Protestors

 

4

Speaker at El-Mraghy Mosque

1

Ahmed Abdel Azim

8/1994

Publishing a Book Spreading Hatred of Jews

Pro-visional detention

5

Al Ahrar N.P.

1

Mostafa Bakry

18/9/1994

Publishing falsehoods; Sympathizing with Fanatics

Pro-visional detention

6

El Ard Maga-zine

1

Hamed Yassin

15/10/

1994

Publishing an Article for Ahmed Nabil Elhelay Criticizing the National Dialogue Conference

Pro-visional detention

7

Sec-retary General, Labour Party

1

Adel Hussein

25/12/

1994

Owning Pamphlets  Spreading Fanatical Ideas

Pro-visional detention

8

Al Ahrar

2

Hesham Ayad;

Mostafa Bakry

24/5/1995

Insulting and Criticizing the  Minister of Scientific Research

 

9

Al Wafd

4

Gamal Badawy;

Saeed Abdel Khalek;

Samy Aboul Ezz;

Amr Okasha

15/1/1995

Insulting and Criticizing Abdel Moneim Emara

 

10

El Araby

2

Mahmoud Elmaraghy;

Adel Elhawary

13/11/

1995

Insulting and Criticizing Abdel Moneim Ramadan

 

11

Rosal Yusuf

3

Wael Elebrashy;

Adel Hamouda; Mahmoud Eltohamy

31/1/1995

Insulting judges

They were released

12

Rosal Yusuf

1

Karam Gabr

3/1995

Publishing Falsehoods Regarding a Session of the  People's Assembly

 

13

Al Ahaly

2

Abdel Aal Elbakoury;-Hamdy Gomaa

4/8/1995

Publishing News Meant to Disrupt Public Order and Security

They were released

14

Journal-ist

1

Hamdein Sebahy

17/6/1997

Authoring Ideas Contradicting the Ruling Class/Status Quo

Pro-visional detention

15

El Wafd

2

Abbas Eltarabily; Mohamed Abdel Alim

10/2/1999

Publishing News Regarding A Strike

Paid 500 LE and was Released

16

El Shaab

1

Layla Abdel Hamid

16/2/1999

 

 

17

El Araby

1

Galal Aref

14/12/ 1999

Insulting a Prosecutor

 

18

El Wafd

2

Gamal Shawky;

Abbas Eltarabily

7/2/1999

Spreading Rumors

 

19

El Naba' Al Watany

1

Mamdouh Mahran

20/9/2000

Publishing Poems

 

20

-

1

Salah Eldin Abdel Mohsen

27/1/2001

Novel of Lighting Shakes

 

21

El Mah-rousa Centre

1

Farid Zahran

21/9/2001

Spreading Agitating News

 

22

-

1

Ahmed Mohamed Hegazy

7/9/2002

Publishing Poems

 

 Table (7)

Peaceful Demonstrations Cancelled Between 1992-2002